{"id":94601,"date":"2025-06-16T13:43:54","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T12:43:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/tova-2\/"},"modified":"2026-04-22T19:53:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T18:53:48","slug":"tova-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/","title":{"rendered":"TOVA"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”972926″]<\/p>\n

TOVA<\/span><\/h1>\n

3D-printed Earth Architecture<\/h4>\n

The Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) has developed
\nTOVA, Spain\u2019s first 3D-printed earth building, located at IAAC\u2019s Valldaura
\nLabs near Barcelona. Built in seven weeks using the Crane WASP 3D printer,
\nTOVA uses 100% local materials sourced within a 50-metre radius, resulting
\nin zero waste and minimal carbon emissions.
\nThe walls of the structure are made of local soil mixed with additives and
\nenzymes to improve structural integrity and elasticity for optimised 3D print-
\ning. The foundation is made of geopolymer and the roof is made of wood.
\nTOVA serves as a prototype bridging traditional earthen architecture and
\nmodern 3D printing technology, offering a potential solution to current
\n climate and housing challenges.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image media=”94602″ media_width_percent=”100″ uncode_shortcode_id=”614809″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ back_color=”color-gyho” overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ content_parallax=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”192115″ back_color_type=”uncode-palette”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_single_image media=”94603″ caption=”yes” media_width_percent=”55″ alignment=”center” lbox_caption=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”171588″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ content_parallax=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”284875″][vc_column width=”1\/3″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image media=”94604″ media_width_percent=”100″ uncode_shortcode_id=”648549″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div><\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”972926″] TOVA 3D-printed Earth Architecture The Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) has developed TOVA, Spain\u2019s first […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":89437,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[552,556],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-construction-and-infrastructure","category-construction-report"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTOVA - Dansk AM Hub<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"TOVA - Dansk AM Hub\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”972926″] TOVA 3D-printed Earth Architecture The Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) has developed TOVA, Spain\u2019s first […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Dansk AM Hub\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-16T12:43:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-22T18:53:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"am-hub\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"am-hub\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"am-hub\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3c051ce38e50ab429314c7d4040244d\"},\"headline\":\"TOVA\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-16T12:43:54+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-22T18:53:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":253,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Construction and infrastructure\",\"Construction report\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/\",\"name\":\"TOVA - Dansk AM Hub\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-16T12:43:54+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-22T18:53:48+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":768,\"caption\":\"IMAGE BY GREGORI CIVERA\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/tova-2\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Hjem\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"TOVA\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Dansk AM Hub\",\"description\":\"Danmarks nationale v\u00e6kst- og innovationsmilj\u00f8 for additive manufacturing\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Dansk AM Hub\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/09\\\/Logo_Alternative_Small_Dansk_AM_Hub_Blue_RGB@2x.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/09\\\/Logo_Alternative_Small_Dansk_AM_Hub_Blue_RGB@2x.png\",\"width\":363,\"height\":98,\"caption\":\"Dansk AM Hub\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d3c051ce38e50ab429314c7d4040244d\",\"name\":\"am-hub\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/wp-content\\\/litespeed\\\/avatar\\\/3bebd45f024c9f9a3e6d454c5f85ddf8.jpg?ver=1776434583\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/wp-content\\\/litespeed\\\/avatar\\\/3bebd45f024c9f9a3e6d454c5f85ddf8.jpg?ver=1776434583\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/wp-content\\\/litespeed\\\/avatar\\\/3bebd45f024c9f9a3e6d454c5f85ddf8.jpg?ver=1776434583\",\"caption\":\"am-hub\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/am-hub.dk\\\/en\\\/author\\\/am-hub\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"TOVA - Dansk AM Hub","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"TOVA - Dansk AM Hub","og_description":"[vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”972926″] TOVA 3D-printed Earth Architecture The Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) has developed TOVA, Spain\u2019s first […]","og_url":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/","og_site_name":"Dansk AM Hub","article_published_time":"2025-06-16T12:43:54+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-04-22T18:53:48+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":768,"url":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"am-hub","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"am-hub","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/"},"author":{"name":"am-hub","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/d3c051ce38e50ab429314c7d4040244d"},"headline":"TOVA","datePublished":"2025-06-16T12:43:54+00:00","dateModified":"2026-04-22T18:53:48+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/"},"wordCount":253,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg","articleSection":["Construction and infrastructure","Construction report"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/","url":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/","name":"TOVA - Dansk AM Hub","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg","datePublished":"2025-06-16T12:43:54+00:00","dateModified":"2026-04-22T18:53:48+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/03_Tova_Figure-5-1.jpg","width":1024,"height":768,"caption":"IMAGE BY GREGORI CIVERA"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/tova-2\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Hjem","item":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"TOVA"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/","name":"Dansk AM Hub","description":"Danmarks nationale v\u00e6kst- og innovationsmilj\u00f8 for additive manufacturing","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/#organization","name":"Dansk AM Hub","url":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Logo_Alternative_Small_Dansk_AM_Hub_Blue_RGB@2x.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Logo_Alternative_Small_Dansk_AM_Hub_Blue_RGB@2x.png","width":363,"height":98,"caption":"Dansk AM Hub"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/d3c051ce38e50ab429314c7d4040244d","name":"am-hub","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/3bebd45f024c9f9a3e6d454c5f85ddf8.jpg?ver=1776434583","url":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/3bebd45f024c9f9a3e6d454c5f85ddf8.jpg?ver=1776434583","contentUrl":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/3bebd45f024c9f9a3e6d454c5f85ddf8.jpg?ver=1776434583","caption":"am-hub"},"url":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/author\/am-hub\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94601"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94601\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":94607,"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94601\/revisions\/94607"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89437"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/am-hub.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}