TOVA

3d-printed Earth Architecture

The Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) has developed
TOVA, Spain’s first 3D printed earth building, located at the IAAC’s Valldaura
Labs near Barcelona. Built in seven weeks using the Crane WASP 3D printer,
TOVA uses 100% local materials sourced within a 50-metre radius, resulting
in zero waste and minimal carbon emissions.
The walls of the structure are made of local soil mixed with additives and
enzymes to improve structural integrity and elasticity for optimised 3D print-
ing. The foundation is made of geopolymer and the roof is made of wood.
TOVA serves as a prototype bridging traditional earthen architecture and
modern 3D printing technology, offering a potential solution to current
­ climate and housing challenges.